Some of the best research is done through clinical trials. This research would in turn help us find cures, answers, and solutions to the most deadly diseases around such as cancer. The problem that clinical trials run into is that they are often not funded by insurance plans and some people are hesitant about going into the unknown when they are already experiencing such trying times with frightening emotions. They are equally afraid about worrying the people they love. The best way to decide if a clinical trial is the right choice for you is to find out the purpose of it and what it is designed to do.
Question: What are clinical trials?
Answer: In its most basic sense, a clinical trial is a research study that involves people. A clinical trial is conducted to help discover advancements that improve the quality of the life of someone who has a particular disease or condition.
Question: Why are these clinical trials important?
Answer: The studies conducted during clinical trials test ways to help in the detection, prevention, diagnosis or treatment of diseases. The people who participate in clinical trials contribute to the pool of scientific knowledge and can help a new medicine or procedure become approved for use to treat the general public. Many people find the opportunity to participate in a clinical trial as the best way to receive expert care from top professionals in their field. This particularly holds true for cancer patients.
Question: What are the different types of clinical trials for cancer patients?
Answer: There are basically five different types of clinical trials that are available for cancer patients to participate in if they qualify.
These options are:
- Treatment: A treatment clinical trial focuses on taking existing medications and treatments and finding ways to improve them. It also involves new medicines and procedures that could possibly stop cancer from advancing or, even better, destroy it.
- Prevention: Prevention clinical trials usually involve healthy people who’ve never had cancer. They look for those who may be at risk and discover life style changes that can be made to help prevent it. In certain cases, they also use people who’ve been in remission with their cancer and try to find ways to stop the cancer from coming back.
- Screening: Detecting cancer easier, earlier, and non-invasively is a huge factor in research for screening clinical trials. These clinical trials are done through finding new ways to evaluate family histories and other factors that indicate a person’s risk level when it comes to cancer.
- Diagnostic: The diagnostic trials are focused on helping detect cancer more quickly and usually involve individuals who are already showing signs of cancer.
- Quality of Life (also known as Supportive Care): These clinical trials focus on those who are currently suffering with cancer. The goal is to find ways to make the treatments and the side effects less taxing on all levels of their daily lives.
Question: Who sponsors clinical trials for cancer?
Answer: These trials are normally sponsored by a wide group of organizations and businesses. Some of them are government agencies and others are from the private sector. Some of the most common sponsors for clinical trials are: National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Defense, Department of Veterans Affairs, physicians, academic medical centers, foundations, volunteer groups, pharmaceutical companies, and the biotechnology industry.
Question: What are the criteria for being eligible for a cancer clinical trials?
Answer: There are specific guidelines and standards for each clinical trial that determine who qualifies to be a part of the clinical trial. The best way to find out if you are eligible for an existing trial is to mention your interest to your doctor or health care provider. They can direct you to the right resources (like Lazarex Cancer Foundation) to help identify clinical trials that that you might be eligible for.
Question: How do they ensure a person’s safety if they choose to participate in a clinical trial?
Answer: Individuals who choose to participate in clinical trials are referred to as “human subjects”. On a national and international level the trials are heavily monitored to ensure that all practices and procedures being done are ethical and solely for the approved purpose of the experiment.
Question: How does a person find out all the specifics of a clinical trial so they can make an informed decision?
Answer: The process of educating prospective clinical trial participants is called informed consent. Informed consent consists of two parts. The first is to provide the participants with information about the protocol of the trial, what they can expect as a participant and what the intended results are. The second part is to continue updating participants on findings regarding their response to the experiment. This allows them the opportunity to choose to remain in the trial or to stop participating.
Question: Are placebos used in cancer treatment clinical trials?
Answer: It is very unusual, and mostly unheard of, for cancer trials to involve the use of placebos when it comes to treatment. A placebo-controlled trial compares a new treatment with a placebo; people who receive a placebo are called the control group. Placebo-controlled trials are not appropriate when a known, highly effective therapy is available, unless the participant is allowed to receive the new treatment/placebo in addition to the highly effective therapy.
“In some circumstances, clinical trials may require the use of placebo controls to provide convincing evidence of drug safety and clinical benefit. Placebos should only be used in cancer clinical trials when it is scientifically necessary, ethically appropriate, and when patients have been clearly informed that they will receive a placebo and whether they will receive the active drug at some point during the clinical trial, if not immediately.” Richard L. Schilsky, MD
Question: What benefits could a person receive if they choose to participate in a clinical trial?
Answer: Clinical trial participants could respond to the trial in a way that slows the progression of an existing cancerous condition, go into remission, and/or contribute to advancing the development of new, highly effective cancer treatments. The benefits of clinical trials give many people a higher quality of life, more time, and the comfort of knowing they tried to help themselves and/or others through their willingness to participate.
There will never be any way to know if you qualify for cancer clinical trials or would benefit from them if you don’t take the steps to inquire. The resources, both online and in your community, are great. Take some time to find out if you have the ability to make a positive change in the world of cancer through your involvement in a cancer clinical trial.
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a Dornsife, founder and president of the Lazarex Cancer Foundation, and legendary R&B artist Lenny Williams.